Es ya conocida la crisis que golpea fuertemente a los países del surde Europa, entre ellos España donde la repercusión economía, política y social se ve reflejada en los rescates bancarios y los recortes sociales, con aumentos impositivos y la privatización de la sanidad y la educación, en sus casi 6 millones de parados, en el aumento de los desahucios, etc., pero también por el descontento social visible en las continuas movilizaciones sociales y huelgas generales.El libro que aquí se presen..

A la hora de acceder a los servicios sanitarios, las mujeres inmigrantes – especialmente, aquellas en situación administrativa irregular – se van a topar con una serie de obstáculos concretos, fruto de los diversos ejes de desigualdad que las atraviesan y dan forma a su ubicación en la trama social. Así, se pretende exponer la necesidad de incorporar un enfoque interseccional y de género en las políticas de integración, concretamente las relativas al ámbito sanitario, a través del análisis de la (...) legislación estatal y autonómica existente, que revelará los avances conseguidos y las deficiencias persistentes en la materia. (shrink)

Reseña de la obra de Alegre Zahonero, Luis y Serrano García, Clara, Legitimidad. Los cimientos del Estado social, democrático y de derecho, Madrid, Akal, 2020.

El presente artículo busca, tras una breve mirada del significado histórico de la ciudad, de situarla en el ámbito de la Teoría de las Necesidades Humanas, argumentando cómo la ciudad ha sido el satisfactor sinérgico más importante de las necesidades. Considerando que las necesidades son universales e identificables, se muestra cómo la ciudad es el lugar donde mejor se han satisfecho éstas, y cómo una de ellas, la participación, obtiene un especial significado dado su carácter sinérgico y transversal. No obstante, (...) el desbordamiento de la ciudad con el desarrollo del capitalismo la ha desmembrado, zonificando sus funciones y segregando a los diferentes grupos sociales, perdiéndose el espacio público como espacio político. Reconstruir una democracia urbana, precisa de una (re)vuelta a la ciudad considerando múltiples dimensiones del cambio que son a su vez condiciones y síntomas práxicos para reconstruir el espacio público como espacio político. (shrink)

En los últimos años estamos asistiendo a un renovado interés por la participación, orientándose éste hacia la idea de democracia participativa. Esto se pone de relieve a través de diversos síntomas: en la enorme eclosión de organizaciones sociales, en el desarrollo de los nuevos movimientos sociales y en las significativas experiencias innovadoras de participación relacional que se están produciendo en numerosos municipios. Cabe preguntarse si estos síntomas son el esbozo de un nuevo paradigma social donde la Democracia Participativa alcanza una (...) significativa centralidad.En este trabajo se aportan algunas pinceladas conceptuales sobre la participación relacional. Para ello se desarrollan cuatro miradas que combinándose entre sí ayudan a construir este concepto que, por otro lado, es imprescindible para consolidar la alianza entre la gobernación local y las entidades sociales, tan necesaria para reorientar un modelo socioeconómico que es crecientemente entrópico. Si bien la cultura política realmente existente y las estructuras administrativas y societarias asociadas a la misma deben transformarse radicalmente aplicando principios como el de subsidiariedad, cooperación, coordinación y corresponsabilidad. Este nuevo paradigma se identifica con la idea de modelo de gestión relacional, para ello se esboza como “tipo ideal” en contraste con otros tipos de gestión municipal. (shrink)

En los últimos años y en particular en el primer lustro del siglo XXI hemos asistido a sucesivos e inquietantes acontecimientos de muy distinta naturaleza, pero entrelazados entre sí, de enorme complejidad y gran impacto, que exigen respuestas urgentes e igualmente complejas. Estos acontecimientos (catástrofes naturales, grandes atentados terroristas, guerras globales denominadas “preventivas”, etc.) que se producen en un contexto de globalización, más que otra cosa van confirmando una sociedad del riesgo en la que nos vamos instalando haciéndonos a todos (...) los seres vulnerables. Una sociedad que cabalga en un modelo desbocadamente entrópico e irremediablemente mundial, pero crecientemente injusto, desigual e insostenible. Los movimientos sociales, y particularmente los movimientos antisistémicos, considerados como sujetos históricos de cambio, tienen ante sí múltiples desafíos para reorientar y construir un nuevo paradigma. En este texto, a la luz de las respuestas inteligentes(frente a las respuestas desesperadas), de las nuevas experiencias participativas, de la emergencia de un sujeto ético, de las nuevas alianzas que intuimos en, por ejemplo, los Foros Sociales Mundiales; se quiere dar cuenta de la convergencia posible, probable, necesaria para asumir la complejidad de la acción colectiva. Cuatro son los desafíos que abstraemos de las nuevas experiencias societarias y todas ellas tienen que ver con la calidad de la democracia, de una democracia reflexiva y por tanto compleja: la democracia participativa, la democracia económica sustentada en la economía social y solidaria, la democracia ambiental fundamentada en la sostenibilidad y la democracia cultural expresada en un sentido de la interculturalidad. (shrink)

Se analiza en el presente artículo la historia del Estado-nación, artefacto político-jurídico construido por la cultura occidental que contiene y fija las tensiones dentro de su marco, y no es en general dinamizante de los derechos de ciudadanía. Señala que el último exponente histórico del Estado-nación es el Estado del Bienestar, estrechamente vinculado a la democracia representativa que es incapaz de incorporar plenamente a los ciudadanos en los asuntos públicos, motivando, por tanto, una ciudadanía de naturaleza pasiva. Argumenta que enfrentamos (...) una pérdida de legitimidad del Estado del Bienestar y que aparece una cuarta generación de derechos, de la mano de “nuevos movimientos sociales” Pone de relieve que la pérdida de operatividad y legitimidad del Estado-nación, impele a extensionar e intensionar la democracia, lo que demanda una nueva cultura política. (shrink)

Enhancing the quality of learning opportunities for students with disabilities and the learning level attained is a pending challenge. This challenge is especially relevant in the context of special schools, where the learning possibilities derived from interactions with others is limited. However, providing these students with a sufficient level of instrumental learning, such as literacy, and communicative and reasoning abilities is crucial for their subsequent educational and social opportunities. In this case study we analyse a special school that has implemented (...) Dialogic Literary Gatherings with their students as a means to increase learning interactions within the group around the reading and debate of classical books. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the school principal and with a teacher of the transition to adult life course, and two focus groups were conducted with teachers–one with primary education teachers and one with secondary education teachers–and two focus groups with students–one with primary education students and one secondary education and transition to adult life students–. On the one hand, results show the characteristics of the Dialogic Literary Gatherings that allowed these students to participate and learn. On the other hand, several improvements have been observed. First, regarding instrumental learning, students increased their motivation for reading, and improved their communicative and reasoning abilities and in their reading proficiency. Second, regarding students' behavior, conflict has reduced, solidarity attitudes have increased, and they have acquired dialogic and argumentative habits. Finally, at the emotional level, they gained self-esteem and confidence and feel more empowered to make their voice heard. (shrink)

Este artículo revisa las representaciones referidas a la figura folclórica del trickster y a la figura griega de Mễtis, como imágenes dialógicas y símbolos transculturales y bifrontes, vinculados con una inteligencia astuta capaz y con sus habilidades para deconstruir las representaciones comunes y crear paradojas que estimulan el conocimiento. Se proponen como estudios de casos diferentes textos e hitos interculturales.

Little has been studied on the relationship between affect and school problems related with attendance. This study aims to identify different affective profiles and to determine whether these profiles differ from each other based on the four functional conditions of school refusal behavior. Participants comprised 1,816 Spanish adolescents aged 15–18 years. The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule for Children-Short Form and the School Refusal Assessment Scale-Revised for Children were administered. Latent profile analysis revealed five affective profiles: low affective profile, self-fulfilling (...) profile, low positive affect profile, self-destructive profile, and high affective profile. The self-destructive profile revealed the highest average scores in the first three factors of the SRAS-R-C, whereas the high affective profile reached the highest average score in the fourth factor. On the contrary, the self-fulfilling profile obtained the lowest average scores in the first two factors of the SRAS-R-C, whereas the low affective profile revealed the lowest average scores in the last two factors. Findings suggest the relevance of developing more adaptative affective profiles, such as the self-fulfilling profile, which would contribute to diminishing school attendance problems. (shrink)

Injuries in professional soccer are a significant concern for teams, and they are caused amongst others by high training load. This cohort study describes the relationship between workload parameters and the occurrence of non-contact injuries, during weeks with high and low workload in professional soccer players throughout the season. Twenty-one professional soccer players aged 28.3 ± 3.9 yrs. who competed in the Iranian Persian Gulf Pro League participated in this 48-week study. The external load was monitored using global positioning system (...) and the type of injury was documented daily by the team's medical staff. Odds ratio and relative risk were calculated for non-contact injuries for high- and low-load weeks according to acute, chronic, acute to chronic workload ratio, and AW variation values. By using Poisson distribution, the interval between previous and new injuries were estimated. Overall, 12 non-contact injuries occurred during high load and 9 during low load weeks. Based on the variables ACWR and Δ-AW, there was a significantly increased risk of sustaining non-contact injuries during high-load weeks for ACWR, and Δ-AW. Finally, the expected time between injuries was significantly shorter in high load weeks for ACWR [1.25 vs. 3.33, rate ratio time ] and Δ-AW respectively, compared to low load weeks. The risk of sustaining injuries was significantly larger during high workload weeks for ACWR, and Δ-AW compared with low workload weeks. The observed high OR in high load weeks indicate that there is a significant relationship between workload and occurrence of non-contact injuries. The predicted time to new injuries is shorter in high load weeks compared to low load weeks. Therefore, the frequency of injuries is higher during high load weeks for ACWR and Δ-AW. ACWR and Δ-AW appear to be good indicators for estimating the injury risk, and the time interval between injuries. (shrink)

The complexity of the human mind and its interaction with the environment is one of the main epistemological debates throughout history. Recent ideas, framed as the 4E perspective to cognition, highlight that human experience depends causally on both cerebral and extracranial processes, but also is embedded in a particular sociomaterial context and is a product of historical accumulation of trajectory changes throughout life. Accordingly, the human microbiome is one of the most intriguing actors modulating brain function and physiology. Here, we (...) present the 4E approach to the Human Microbiome for understanding mental processes from a broader perspective, encompassing one's body physiology and environment throughout their lifespan, interconnected by microbiome community structure and dynamics. We review evidence supporting the approach theoretically and motivates the study of the global set of microbial ecosystem networks encountered by a person across their lifetime (from skin to gut to natural and built environments). We furthermore trace future empirical implementation of the approach. We finally discuss novel research opportunities and clinical interventions aimed toward developing low‐cost/high‐benefit integrative and personalized bio‐psycho‐socio‐environmental treatments for mental health and including the brain‐gut‐microbiome axis. (shrink)

Durante la escolarización a todo individuo se le pueden presentar situaciones escolares que pueden desencadenar miedos. Este estudio pretende examinar las diferencias en rechazo escolar según altas y bajas puntuaciones en ansiedad anticipatoria y analizar la capacidad predictiva del rechazo escolar sobre la ansiedad anticipatoria. Participaron 879 estudiantes españoles entre los 8 y los 11 años. Los estudiantes con altas puntuaciones en ansiedad anticipatoria obtuvieron puntuaciones medias superiores en rechazo escolar y este fue un predictor positivo y estadísticamente significativo de (...) ansiedad anticipatoria en la mayoría de los casos. Se discuten los hallazgos para mejorar la asistencia escolar. (shrink)

Carlos González-García, Sonia Alguacil, Pío Tudela y María Ruz Centro de Investigación Mente, Cerebro y Comportamiento (CIMCYC), Universidad de Granada, … Read More →.

This book addresses a very real gap in existing introductory texts that define, explore, and apply key theoretical concepts within the field of film studies.' Alison L. McKee, Assistant Professor, Department of Television-Radio-Film-Theatre, San Jose State University, USA 'This is the book that film students have long been waiting for: a clear, well-written and accessible introduction to film theory. Lucid theoretical exposition and case study film analysis offer readers the most intelligible summary of theory that I have yet encountered.' Paul (...) Sutton, Head of Media, Culture and Language, Roehampton University Film theory has a reputation for being difficult. It is challenging, it takes time and it can frequently leave students feeling inadequate and frustrated. Furthermore, theory can often seem intimidating and oldfashioned and therefore it can be difficult to appreciate its modern-day relevance. Understanding Film Theory aims to disassociate theory from these negative connotations and bring a fresh, modern and accessible approach to the discipline. Each of the fifteen chapters provides an insight into the main areas of debate by introducing key ideas and thinkers. Taking the application of theory as its central theme, the book incorporates a number of exciting and innovative features: 'Reflect and Respond' sections encourage readers to engage critically with theoretical concepts, while seminal texts are concisely summarized without oversimplifying key points. Throughout the book the authors illustrate why theory is important and demonstrate how it can be applied in a meaningful way, with relevant case studies drawn from both classic and contemporary cinema including: Once Upon a Time in the West (1968), Run Lola Run (1998), Moulin Rouge! (2001), Rabbit-Proof Fence (2002), Old Boy (2003), Brokeback Mountain (2005), Mamma Mia! (2008) and Avatar (2009). Additional case studies address key genres ('swashbucklers' and the film musical), film movements (Dogme 95), individual actors (Christian Bale, Judi Dench and Amitabh Bachchan) and directors (Alfred Hitchcock and Guillermo del Toro). Understanding Film Theory is an accessible and comprehensive introduction to film theory. It is the ideal entry point for any student studying film, using clear definitions and explaining complex ideas succinctly. Christine Etherington-Wright is a Senior Lecturer in Film Studies at University of Portsmouth (UK) where she teaches a course on Film Theory. She is the author of Gender, Professions, Discourse (Palgrave, 2008). Ruth Doughty is a Senior Lecturer in Film Studies at University of Portsmouth (UK). She is one of the co-founding editors of the journal Transnational Cinemas and co-edited Sound and Music in Film and Visual Media (2008). (shrink)